The provided code fragment attempts to handle a FileInputStream, which can throw both FileNotFoundException and IOException. For the code to compile, it has to handle these exceptions correctly. Replacing the catch block with a generic 'catch (Exception e)' will handle all exceptions, including FileNotFoundException and IOException, thus enabling the code to compile. Additionally, adding 'throws IOException' to the main method signature allows the method to throw IOException, covering any IO-related exceptions without handling them directly within the try-catch block. Therefore, the two independent actions that enable the code to compile are replacing the catch block with 'catch (Exception e) {}' and adding 'throws IOException' in the main method declaration.