The given code will fail to compile. The literal '0B1010_0101_1001_0110' is a binary literal. In Java, binary literals must start with '0b' or '0B' followed by a sequence of binary digits (0s and 1s), and underscores are allowed between the digits to make the number easier to read. The compilation error in this case is due to the use of an underscore within the binary literal. According to Java syntax rules, underscores cannot be placed at the beginning, the end, or adjacent to the binary prefix ('0b' or '0B'). Therefore, the presence of these underscores in the middle of the binary number makes the code invalid, causing a compilation error.