The answer is C. Analyzing the cause of problems.
Problem identification is the first step in the problem-solving process. It involves identifying the root cause of the problem. This can be done by gathering information from stakeholders, analyzing data, and conducting experiments. Once the root cause of the problem has been identified, it can be addressed.
Option A, analyzing information from software developers, is an activity that would be done during the problem-solving process, but it is not part of problem identification.
Option B, establishing problem workarounds, is an activity that would be done after the problem has been identified. It involves finding ways to work around the problem until it can be permanently solved.
Option D, establishing potential permanent solutions, is an activity that would be done after the problem has been identified and the root cause has been determined. It involves developing solutions that will prevent the problem from happening again.