A. Preparation The preparation phase in the incident response process is when a security analyst reviews roles and responsibilities. This phase involves planning and setting up the necessary tools, processes, and team structures to effectively respond to potential security incidents. Therefore, the correct answer is: A. Preparation

Roles and responsibilities should be regularly reviewed, not just after an event. This enables good preparation. Events are reviewed retrospectively, that's when lessons are learned.

C. Review seems to be the key word here.

Given the options, the phase in the incident response process when a security analyst reviews roles and responsibilities is the Lessons learned phase. During this phase, the team reflects on their performance, identifies gaps, and ensures that roles and responsibilities are well-defined and understood for future incidents. The keyword in this question is "reviews". In the Lessons Learned step we review the roles to see if anything needs to be changed, in the preparation step we are just creating the roles, nothing to review yet.

This is a tough one! "The Preparation phase includes not only the initial establishment of roles and responsibilities but also their ongoing review and maintenance". I feel like these two steps kind of can blend into each other...review/lessons learned of one incident, can be preparation for the next incident.