The valid policy types in R81.10 include Access Control, Threat Prevention, QoS (Quality of Service), and Desktop Security. Access Control is crucial for managing access to network resources, Threat Prevention covers various protective measures such as IPS and antivirus, QoS ensures the efficient and effective use of the network by prioritizing traffic, and Desktop Security focuses on securing endpoints such as computers. This combination of policy types provides comprehensive security management within R81.10.