PEs use a hub and spoke topology, relying on the hub to distribute broadcasts and multicasts.

PEs use split horizon operations, never forwarding a packet received on a pseudo wire (PW) over another PW.

PEs implement Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) VLAN Mode (SPBV).

PEs implement a version of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). preferably Multiple STP (MSTP).

SPBM

Data Center Bridging (DCB)

Multi-VPN-Instance CE (MCE)

TRILL

less bandwidth at the server access layer and more bandwidth at the distribution layer than in a non-virtualized network

physical network segmentation and isolation implemented at Layers 1 through 7

localized storage volumes that are isolated within each data center

extension of Layer 2 connectivity across the data centers

Run Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) on the data center subnets

Place the EVl tunnel interface on each IRF virtual device in a different VPN instance, and then set up routing on each device by using the same IP addresses.

Use TRILL on the EVl network.

Combine IRF 1 and IRF 2 into the same IRF virtual device, and set up routing on that device

Assign a console port to each MDC Tenants can then connect their own terminal equipment to their assigned port.

Define a VLAN as the MDC Management VLAN in the Admin MDC. On each MDC. create this VLAN. Assign a port to it. Set up an IP address on it and set up Telnet or SSH access through it.

Create subinterfaces for the AUX user-interface in the Admin MDC. Assign one of the subinterfaces to each of the MDCs. and set up Telnet or SSH access through that interface

Define a physical port as the Management-Ethernet interface in the Admin MDC On each MDC. Configure a different IP address for this interface, and set up