Refer to the exhibit. All routers in this network are configured to place all interfaces in OSPF area 5. R3 is the designated router on the 10.1.5.0/24 network. If you examine the OSPF database on R4, what would the network (type 2) LSA, generated by R3, contain?
R3, being the designated router (DR) on the 10.1.5.0/24 network, will generate a network (type 2) LSA. This LSA will document the network and the routers connected to it. The LSA will describe the links to R3, R2, and R1, which are all connected to the 10.1.5.0/24 network. This ensures that all OSPF routers in the area have a consistent view of the network topology.
Which statement is true about connecting an IP multicast domain that is operating in PIM dense mode to a PIM sparse mode domain?
To connect an IP multicast domain that is operating in PIM dense mode to a PIM sparse mode domain, the interconnection must be made at the rendezvous point of the PIM sparse mode domain. This is because in PIM sparse mode, the rendezvous point is a key element for establishing multicast distribution trees, which are necessary for the interoperation between the two domains.
Two MPLS service providers (SP1 and SP2) are offering inter-provider RFC 2547/4364-based IP-VPN service to an enterprise customer. IP traffic among some of the customer's sites has to traverse both of the service providers. The service providers and the enterprise do not know what the minimum MTU is along the end- to-end path.
What could be done to guarantee that large packets are not dropped for MTU-related reasons?
To ensure that large packets are not dropped for MTU-related reasons, the IP sender or senders should be configured to clear the DF (Don't Fragment) flag in the IP header. This allows routers along the path to fragment the packets if necessary, ensuring they can traverse links with smaller MTUs without being dropped.
Refer to the exhibit. Your junior design engineer presents this configuration design. What is the next-hop router for CE3, and why?
The next-hop router for CE3 is CE2 because PE1 uses eBGP (with an administrative distance of 20) to prefer routes through CE2 over RIP (with an administrative distance of 120) through CE3. The diagram indicates that PE1 peers with CE2 using eBGP and redistributes the route into its VRF, giving it higher preference compared to the RIP route provided by CE1 and CE3. Therefore, based on routing preference, CE2 is the next-hop router for CE3.
A service provider creates a network design that runs MPLS in its WAN backbone using OSPF as the IGP routing protocol. What would be two effects of additionally implementing MPLS-TE? (Choose two.)
Implementing MPLS-TE (Traffic Engineering) in a network design that uses MPLS and OSPF as the IGP routing protocol will have two key effects: First, MPLS-TE is required to route different MPLS QoS service classes through different paths. This allows for more efficient and flexible traffic management by using various paths to optimize network performance for different types of traffic. Second, MPLS-TE is required to create backup paths independently from the IGP. This enhances network resilience by ensuring that backup paths are available to maintain traffic flow in case of primary path failures, independent of the IGP's route calculations.